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For other uses, see Nikon (disambiguation).

Nikon Corporation 株式会社ニコン
Type	Corporation TYO: 7731
Founded	Tokyo, Japan (1917)
Headquarters	Tokyo, Japan
Key people	Michio Kariya, President, CEO & COO
Industry	Imaging
Products	Precision equipment for the semiconductor industry, Digital imaging equipment and cameras, Microscopes, Optical measuring and inspection instruments, Lenses for glasses
Revenue	¥730.9 billion (Business year ending March 31, 2006)
Employees	16,758 (Consolidated, as of March 31, 2005)
Slogan	If the picture matters, the camera matters At the Heart of the Image
Website	Nikon Global Gateway

Nikon Corporation (株式会社ニコン, Kabushiki-gaisha Nikon^?) listen (help·info) (TYO: 7731), also known as Nikon or Nikon Corp., is a Japanese company specializing in optics and imaging. Its products include cameras, binoculars, microscopes, measurement instruments, and the steppers used in the photolithography steps of semiconductor fabrication. It was founded in 1917 as Nippon Kōgaku Kōgyō (日本光学工業株式会社 "Japan Optical Industries"); the company was renamed Nikon Corporation, after its cameras, in 1988. Nikon is one of the major companies of the Mitsubishi Group.

The name Nikon, which dates from 1946, is a merging of Nippon Kōgaku (日本光学: "Japan Optical") and an imitation of Zeiss Ikon. Nikon is pronounced differently around the world. The Japanese pronunciation of the name is /nikoɴ/, but in the United States people also use /ˈnaɪkɒn/ and /ˈnɪkɒn/.Discussion of pronunication at dpreview.com

Among its famous products are Nikkor camera lenses (notably those designed for the company\'s own F-mount SLR cameras), Nikonos underwater cameras, the Nikon F-series of professional 135 film SLR cameras, and the Nikon D-series digital SLRs. Nikon has helped lead the transition to digital photography with both the Coolpix line of consumer and prosumer cameras as well as DSLR system cameras like the Nikon D300, D200, D80, D70, D60, D50 D40x, and D40, and professional DSLRs including the D2 series and D3 cameras (see below).

Nikon\'s main competitors include Canon, Kodak, Sony, Pentax, Fujifilm and Olympus.

Nikon is the world\'s largest manufacturer of steppers and holds 44% share of the market.

History

Nikon Corporation was established in 1917 when three leading optical manufacturers merged to form a comprehensive, fully integrated optical company known as Nippon Kogaku Kokyo K.K. Over the next 60 years this growing company became a leading manufacturer of optical lenses and precision equipment used in cameras, binoculars, microscopes and inspection equipment. During World War II the company grew to 19 factories and 23,000 employees, supplying items such as binoculars, lenses, bomb sights and periscopes to the Japanese military. After the war it reverted to its civilian product range with a single factory. In 1948, the first camera with the Nikon brand was released, the Nikon I.Nikon Camera History

Nikon lenses were popularised by the American photojournalist Douglas David Duncan\'s use at the time of the Korean War.http://www.hrc.utexas.edu/exhibitions/online/ddd/timeline/1950.html Douglas David Duncan meets a young Japanese photographer, Jun Miki, who introduces him to Nikon lenses. Working in Tokyo when the war in Korea breaks out. From July, 1950, to January, 1951, covers the Korean War. Fitting Nikon optics to his Leica rangefinder cameras produced high contrast negatives with very sharp resolution at the centre field.

Besides cameras, Nikon Corporation (Nikon) is recognized as a world leader in development and manufacturing of advanced optical and precision photolithography equipment. In 1980, the first stepper, the NSR-1010G, was produced in Japan. Since then, Nikon has introduced over 50 models of steppers and scanners for the production of semiconductors and liquid crystal displays. Nikon currently designs and manufactures precision equipment for use in semiconductor and liquid crystal display (LCD) fabrication, inspection, and measurement. Nikon also designs and manufactures visual imaging products including cameras; instruments such as microscopes; and other products such as chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) systems, binoculars, surveying instruments, eyewear, sport optics, and optical measuring and inspection equipment.

In 1982, Nikon Precision Inc. (NPI) was established in the United States. NPI is the North American sales and service arm specifically for Nikon Corporation\'s semiconductor photolithography equipment and is headquartered in Belmont, California. Fueled by a rapidly growing customer base, the company quickly expanded. In 1990, NPI opened its current headquarters and the facility now includes corporate offices, a fully equipped world-wide training center (WWTC), service operations, applications engineering, technology engineering, quality and reliability engineering, training, technical support, sales, and marketing for Nikon equipment serving the wafer, photomask, flat panel display, and thin-film magnetic head industries. Today, NPI is an industry leader in supplying and supporting advanced photolithography equipment used in the critical stages of semiconductor manufacturing.

Nikon Corporation also has research and development operations in the U.S. under Nikon Research Corporation of America (NRCA), which directly supports R&D efforts of the Precision Equipment Division in Kumagaya, Japan. By leveraging its strong and long-standing customer relationships, global brand recognition, and technological expertise, Nikon has positioned themselves to maintain their market leadership through its emphasis on leading-edge research and development and its ability to adapt its products to meet its customers\' rapidly changing needs. The Nikon brand has recently slipped behind rival Canon in total sales. Nikon, once the industry leader, has found itself playing catch up to Canon, who was quicker to market with such innovations as image stabilization and piezo-electric (ultra sonic motor) focusing.

Today, Nikon Group Companies total nearly 17,000 employees worldwide.

In January 2006, Nikon announced it would stop making most of its film camera models and all of its large format lenses, and focus on digital models Nikon Strengthens Digital Focus for 2006 .

In late 2007, Nikon introduced the newest product in the Nikon Immersion Solution, the NSR-S610C, which uses a proprietary technology that eliminates bubbles, watermarks, and particles generated by immersion processing. This results in defect levels to occur at a rate similar to dry scanners.^{[citation needed]}

In an effort to curb a thriving "grey market" for its cameras and lenses^{[citation needed]}, Nikon established a wholly owned subsidiary in India in September 2007, to handle India as well as the Middle East markets (comprising Saudi Arabia, Turkey, Iran, Bahrain, Israel, Oman, Qatar and the UAE). However the prices of the products imported legally are still higher than "grey markets" products.

Shareholders

Nikon is listed in the Tokyo Stock Exchange under number 7731.

(As of September 2004)

The Master Trust Bank of Japan, Ltd. (8.5%)
Meiji Yasuda Life Insurance Company (5.6%)
The Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi, Ltd. (3.3%)
Japan Trustee Services Bank, Ltd.(2.9%)
Tokio Marine & Nichido Fire Insurance Co., Ltd. (2.7%)
State Street Bank and Trust Company (2.7%)
The Mitsubishi Trust and Banking Corporation (2.5%)
Nippon Life Insurance Company (2.4%)
The Joyo Bank, Ltd. (1.8%)
JP Morgan Chase Oppenheimer Funds (1.7%)

Holdings

The companies held by Nikon form the Nikon Group

Cameras

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

Nikon cameras

In January 2006 Nikon announced [1] it will stop production of all but two models of its film cameras, focusing its efforts on the digital camera market. It will continue to produce the low-end FM10 and high-end F6, and announced a commitment to service all of the film cameras for a period of ten years after production ceases. [2]

Film 35 mm SLR cameras with manual focus

Nikon F (1959-1972)

Nikon AC-2E Data Link System (1993)

Nikon F series (labeled in Germany as Nikkor)
Nikkorex series
Nikkormat FT series (known in Japan as Nikomat)
Nikon F2 series
Nikkormat EL series (known in Japan as Nikomat)
Nikon F3 series
Nikon FE2
Nikon FE10
Nikon FM10
Nikon EL2
Nikon FA
Nikon FE
Nikon FG
Nikon FG20
Nikon FM
Nikon FM2 series
Nikon FM3A
Nikon EM
Nikon F301 (known in North America as the N2000)
Nikon F601m (known in North America as the N6000)

Film APS SLR cameras

Nikon Pronea 600i also known as the Pronea 6i (1996) [3]
Nikon Pronea S (1997) [4]

Nikon Pronea 600i img 0604.jpg

The Nikon Pronea 600i

Nikon Pronea S img 1320.jpg

The Nikon Pronea S

Film 35 mm SLR cameras with autofocus

Nikon F100

Nikon F3AF (modified F3 body with DX-1 finder)

Nikon F4
Nikon F401 (known in the U.S. as the N4004)
Nikon F401S (known in theU.S. as the N4004s)
Nikon F401X (known in the U.S. as the N5005)

Nikon F5
Nikon F50 (known in the U.S. as the N50)
Nikon F501 (known in North America as the N2020)
Nikon F55 (known in the U.S. as the N55)

Nikon F6
Nikon F60 (known in the U.S. as the N60)
Nikon F601 (known in the U.S. as the N6006)
Nikon F65 (known in the U.S. as the N65)

Nikon F70 (known in the U.S. as the N70)
Nikon F75 (known in the U.S. as the N75)

Nikon F80 (known in the U.S. as the N80)
Nikon F801 (known in the U.S. as the N8008)
Nikon F801S (known in the U.S. as the N8008s)

Nikon F90 (known in the U.S. as the N90)
Nikon F90x (known in the U.S. as the N90s)

Rangefinder cameras

Nikon SP (top) & S3 (bottom) rangefinder cameras

Nikon I (1948) [5]
Nikon M (1949) [6]
Nikon S (1951 [7]
Nikon S2 (1954) [8]
Nikon SP (1957) [9]
Nikon S3 (1958) [10]
Nikon S4 (1959) [11]
Nikon S3M (1960) [12]
Nikon S3 2000 (2000) [13]
Nikonos line of underwater cameras

Digital compact cameras

Nikon Coolpix series

Digital single lens reflex cameras

Professional range

Nikon D1, 15 June 1999
Nikon D1H, 5 February 2001
Nikon D1X, 5 February 2001
Nikon D2H, 22 July 2003
Nikon D2X, 16 September 2004
Nikon D2Hs, 16 February 2005
Nikon D2Xs, 1 June 2006
Nikon D3, 23 August 2007

Semi-pro range

Nikon D200 with Nikon lens and Nikon flash

Nikon D100, 21 February 2002
Nikon D200, 1 November 2005
Nikon D300, 23 August 2007Nikon D300. Nikon UK. Retrieved on 2008-01-17.

Prosumer range

Nikon D80 with Sigma 18-200 Lense

Nikon D70, 28 January 2004
Nikon D70s, 20 April 2005
Nikon D80, 9 August 2006

Entry-level range

Nikon D50, 20 April 2005
Nikon D40, 16 November 2006
Nikon D40x, 6 March 2007
Nikon D60, 29 January 2008

Nikon\'s raw image format format is NEF, for Nikon Electronic File. The "DSCN" prefix for image files stands for "Digital Still Camera - Nikon."

Nikon designs its own sensors for their professional D Series (except for the D2X, D3, and D300, which used a Sony-manufactured CMOS sensor); a majority of their DSLRs have Sony-manufactured CCD sensors. Beginning with the D3 and D300, Nikon is commencing the use of CMOS sensors in their professional-grade cameras since it uses less power than a CCD sensor.

All Nikon DSLRs are manufactured in Ayutthaya, Thailand.^{[citation needed]}

Optics

The world\'s first PC lens in the 35 mm format: the 1961 35 mm f/3.5 PC-Nikkor.

Lenses for 35 mm and digital single-lens reflex cameras

See Nikon F-mount

Sport optics

Binoculars

Sprint IV
Sportstar IV
Travelite v
Mikron
Action VII
Action VII Zoom
Sporter I
Venturer 8/10x32
Venturer 8x42
Roof Prism
Monarch
Action EX
StabilEyes
Superior E
Marine

Spotting scopes

Spotter XL II WP
Spotting Scopr R/A II
Spotting Scope 80
Field Scope III
Field Scope ED 82

Other lenses

See Nikkor

Electronic Flash Units

A Nikon SB-600 Speedlight

Nikon uses the term Speedlight for their electronic flash guns.

Film scanners

Right: Nikon\'s Coolscan V ED

Coolscan 2000 (35mm),
Coolscan IV ED (35mm),
Coolscan 4000 ED (35mm),
Coolscan 8000 (35mm and medium format),
Coolscan V ED (35mm),
Super Coolscan 5000 ED (35mm),
Super Coolscan 9000 ED (35mm and medium format)

Notes and references

External links

v • d • e

Japanese electronics industry

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